This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. The reason for this is often a violation of the diet, but the bad products themselves can also cause the development. Diet for gastric gastritis is as important as medication, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent a more dangerous and / or painful form of the disease.
What is gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops on the mucous membrane of the stomach. Due to its improper functioning, the digestive process is disrupted, various negative effects develop, and the mucous membrane itself gradually thins.
The cause of the disease can be many factors that are not alien to a modern, constantly busy person. Rushing while eating, grabbing hot or cold food and chewing it poorly, poor quality or harmful food, fast food, eating fatty, salty and smoked food in unlimited quantities, systematic eating disorders - all this can cause gastritis. In addition, inadequate amounts of protein and vitamins in food, long-term use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and reckless excessive alcohol consumption also become risk factors.
Dietary rules for gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a huge role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity compiled by the doctor. There are some simple and clear rules that you must follow:
- All food must be chewed thoroughly, it cannot be swallowed in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily routine and eat every hour. Ideally, meals should be fractional and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times 500-600.
- There should be 2. 5-3 hours between meals, and if possible, it is better to make the intervals the same.
- Food should always be warm, not hot or cold. Inadequate temperature irritates the stomach wall, which causes further inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw foods. It is better if they are heat treated, even if it is vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh, cooking for future gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What to eat for gastritis
- Stale bread, baked goods and pastries in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or fried (without skin) vegetables.
- Porridge made from crushed cereals in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat types of fish.
- Unroasted lean meats and poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Non-acidic fruits and foods made from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and milk products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (up to 20-30 grams per day).
- Lozenges, marshmallows.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of meals or boiled (2 pcs per day).
In the case of gastritis, it is very important to follow the correct drinking regime. It is necessary to drink 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including fruit juices, compotes and even soup. The consumption of mineral water with the appropriate composition recommended by the doctor is allowed.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meats and sausages.
- Sausage and sausage.
- Roast.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- puppet.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Preservation and pickling.
- Fatty and sour dairy products.
- Barley, millet, whole grains.
- Macaroni, pasta and vermicelli made from whole grain flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- Mushroom.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
Diet No. 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a nutritional system is recommended for people with acute gastritis. A similar gentle regimen is prescribed for those who have stomach or duodenal ulcers. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise to reduce salt intake, because it not only retains fluid in the body, but also irritates the mucous membrane. The normal calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day to better understand the problem:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: baked sweet apple with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, steamed turkey meatloaf or meatloaf, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: stew from permitted vegetables, fish from permitted, baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease becomes chronic, dietary restrictions are vital for the patient. By following the diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. With different degrees of acidity, the menu may differ slightly, so it is worth discussing each case separately.
Nutrition in chronic gastritis with low acidity
The stomach does not begin to produce enough hydrochloric acid, the food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract all the necessary nutrients and trace elements from it. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all the systems of our body can suffer from this.
Principles of diet
- It is advisable to eat pureed, liquid and pureed foods.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the period of remission, you can eat a small amount of food fried in oil.
- The temperature of the food can vary between +15-60°C.
- The total calorie content of the daily diet should be 2500-3000 calories.
Authorized and prohibited products
In the case of gastritis with low acidity, the menu is not difficult to put together, because it contains a wide variety of products. Meat, sausages, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals are allowed. It will be possible to include fruit juices, compotes, desserts, broths, tea and coffee, milk and lactic acid products on the menu.
However, there are also limits, for example, you have to give up too fatty foods. The consumption of goose meat, pork, salmon, fried doughnuts, cream sweets and sweets is not desirable. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated from the vegetables consumed, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, and garlic. Milk is also not recommended in its pure form, but it fits perfectly as part of dishes or as an additive to tea or coffee.
Nutrition in chronic gastritis with high acidity
In this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which "digests" the surrounding tissues, damaging the mucous membrane more and more. Therefore, the menu should be much more economical than in the previous case.
Principles of diet
- No spicy food. Everything that can irritate the mucous membrane is swept aside immediately.
- Products must be low-fat only.
- Fried food is completely excluded, all food must be boiled, steamed or fried.
- It is better to puree the products and wipe them before use.
- Meals should be frequent and fragmented, and portions should be small.
- The daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- The daily calorie content should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Authorized and prohibited products
The aim of the diet for such a disease is to make the menu as frugal as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you should eat only boiled, steamed and fried vegetables and choose only non-acidic fruits. These should also be boiled and ideally mashed. The consumption of lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. The porridge is cooked lightly, wiped off if necessary, only weak broth is used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour foods.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This stage requires immediate medical attention, lifestyle changes, and dietary changes. On the first day, it is better to completely avoid solid food, even mashed food, and limit yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
On the second day, you can slowly eat foods from the list of diet number 1. You can then make liquid, pasty or creamy soups, puree low-fat fish or meat, and hard-boiled soft eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as other products on the prohibited list, must not be consumed.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the ulcers that form on the mucous membrane, which can soon become full-fledged ulcers. In order to stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you must strictly follow the nutritional rules:
- There is no fried, salted or smoked food, all food is simply boiled, steamed or fried without a crust.
- Fractional meals in small portions, 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of a meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before a meal.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, food with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite thoroughly.
- All food should be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that it is 2 hours before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
The diet of atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best eaten regularly at the same time. Otherwise, you should follow the same recommendations as already given for the power supply chart #1. You can consume all products from the permitted list, and you can reject the prohibited ones.
Food is eaten warm, pureed, steamed, boiled or fried. Fried and fatty, as well as sour, spicy and salty are still prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is best to leave them forever so as not to provoke an acute condition.